This article is the sixth of a series focused on the most important landraces of cannabis. All the thousands of strains of cannabis we use today are derived from a limited number of landraces, which have been used for medicinal, religious and recreational purposes during centuries. Cannabis originated in central Asia, and from there it has spread to all corners of the world. Sometimes helped by nature, sometimes by man, cannabis seeds have conquered unimaginable distances, spreading their genetics, adapting to new environments, changing their characteristics, and therefore resulting in countless combination. Some of these combination stabilized themselves through inbreeding, and resulted in landraces. Some of these landraces have preserved themselves, isolated in remote areas of the planet with no contact with other cannabis strains for long periods of time.
My name is Franco, my passion is cannabis, and my work is strain-hunting for Green House Seed Company.
And this is the history of:
Afghan Indica
Afghanistan is a large mountain country landlocked in Asia, between Iran, Pakistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. Over the last 25 years the country has been at war, and things are not looking too promising for the near future. The most recent conflict raging between the US-backed government and tribal Muslim groups is on the news every day, together with reports about opium production. In fact, Afghanistan is much more famous for its opium than for its cannabis. In Afghanistan opium is the first export and the largest cash crop, sustaining up to 50% of the population. And cannabis the second cash crop, producing large quantities of weed and hashish.
The hashish from Afghanistan is one of the highest qualities in the world, and demand always exceeds supply.
According to the opinion of most cannabis connoisseurs, Afghanistan is part of the area where it all started, where cannabis first made its appearance on the planet. The region between Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, North India and South China is considered by most experts botanists the cradle of the genetics of cannabis. From this area it has spread all over the world, with intervention from nature and man. Afghan Cannabis is considered by most experts as “the†landrace, the plant that evolved into all other landraces, the mother of all strains. This theory is supported by several others, especially the one referring to the silk road. Cannabis seeds left Asia towards Africa and Europe following the first trade routes across Asia to the west. The Afghan Indica is a thick, short, bushy plant; the branches grow 45 degrees upwards, creating a round plant shape, often wider than taller and very bushy. The color is dark green, bordering shades of black, blue and purple. The leaflets are short and wide, fully overlapping each other, forming round and thick leaves. These are plants that grow in a harsh mountain climate, with extremely hot day temperatures and cold nights, and a burning-hot sun and strong winds. They flower for 8 or 9 weeks only, and the harvest is always at the end of the intense summer.
The buds are dense, hard, compact, and extremely white and sticky with resin, which is loaded with cannabinoids and terpenes. The traits are perfectly built for the mountain conditions, making this one of the strongest, most rugged and most resistant cannabis plants on earth. There are several variations in the genetics of different areas of Afghanistan, so it becomes difficult to identify one single landrace. What makes it a landrace is the number of common plant traits as well as strong similarities in the flavor and effect. The high of the Afghan cannabis is very physical, stoned, relaxing, and somewhat heavy on the legs; for people used to smoke sativas, it borders the numbing-narcotic side of cannabis.
The Afghan Indica was first retrieved as a landrace in the 1980s, and brought back to Holland. Already at that time Afghanistan was at war, and bringing genetics back meant dealing with guerrilla troops fighting the Russian Army. But some of the pioneers of the industry made it, and once the seeds popped up in Holland and America the Afghan landrace became famous as a strain in pure form, and was used for hundreds, maybe thousands of different crossings. The most famous of those crosses became award-winning strains, like the White Rhino (White Widow x Afghan). The Afghan Indica adds to any strain its dominant traits, usually shortening flowering time and adding density and overall size to the flower clusters. The ability of shortening the flowering time is particularly useful in crossings with sativas, where plants with an original flowering time over 12 weeks can be brought down to a much more commercially acceptable 9-10 weeks. Also production is usually positively affected by crossing with the Afghan, because the buildup of the flower clusters becomes denser and more compact. The taste of the Afghan Indica is very mossy and sweet but the terpene profiles usually does not overpower the cross, leaving plenty of room to create great new hybrids with the dominant flavor of the other strain used.
Nowadays it is very hard to travel to Afghanistan in search of cannabis seeds. The best option is to go in nearby countries and try to get some of the exported bud, but this creates huge issues in trying to identify the exact origin, and it is impossible to select the best plants to collect seeds from. Because of this difficulties, those who have an original Afghan landrace are very jealous of it, and it is not easy to find even in the connoisseurs circles. And this adds to the legend...
Franco – Green House Seed Co.
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